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Saman Naseem geh\u00f6rt zur kurdischen Minderheit im Iran. Mit 17 Jahren kam er in Haft und entging mehrere Male nur knapp einer Hinrichtung wegen Blasphemie unter dem Vorwurf der \u00abFeindschaft zu Gott\u00bb. Sein Rechtsanwalt best\u00e4tigte, dass Saman Naseem von dem Vorwurf der \u00abFeindschaft zu Gott\u00bb freigesprochen wurde. Stattdessen ist er nun zu f\u00fcnf Jahren Gef\u00e4ngnis verurteilt worden wegen der \u00abMitgliedschaft in einer Gruppe, deren Ziel die Gef\u00e4hrdung der nationalen Sicherheit ist\u00bb.

Damit bezieht sich die Anklage auf die \u00abPartei f\u00fcr ein Freies Leben in Kurdistan\u00bb\u00a0(PJAK). Saman Naseem erhielt am 25. Januar 2018 im Oroumieh-Gef\u00e4ngnis im Nordwesten des Irans die formelle Best\u00e4tigung f\u00fcr das neue Strafmass. Sein Anwalt geht davon aus, dass Saman Naseem bald entlassen werden m\u00fcsste, da er sich schon seit 2011 in Haft befindet.\u00a0

Todesstrafe gegen\u00fcber Jugendlichen

In den vergangenen Jahren haben sich Hunderttausende Menschen auf der ganzen Welt gegen die Anwendung der Todesstrafe gegen\u00fcber jugendlichen Straft\u00e4terinnen und Straft\u00e4tern gewendet: Denn es ist eine Praxis, die das V\u00f6lkerrecht unter allen Umst\u00e4nden untersagt.

Solche fortdauernden Aktionen und der Einsatz der Bewegung machen es f\u00fcr die iranischen Beh\u00f6rden erheblich schwieriger, zur Tatzeit Minderj\u00e4hrige hinzurichten. Aber erst wenn das iranische Strafgesetzbuch \u00fcberarbeitet wird, w\u00e4re sichergestellt, dass nie wieder eine zum Tatzeitpunkt minderj\u00e4hrige Person hingerichtet wird.

Der Einsatz von Amnesty International f\u00fcr Saman Naseem\u00a0

Der Einsatz der Unterst\u00fctzerinnen und Unterst\u00fctzer von Amnesty International f\u00fcr Saman Naseem begann im September 2014: Sein Todesurteil wurde an das B\u00fcro f\u00fcr die Umsetzung von Strafen geschickt. Amnesty International startet daraufhin eine Urgent Action f\u00fcr Saman Naseem.

In den Tagen vor seiner f\u00fcr den 19. Februar 2015 angesetzten Hinrichtung steigerte sich der weltweite Einsatz f\u00fcr Saman Naseem. Amnesty-Mitglieder auf der ganzen Welt mobilisierten und forderten die iranischen Beh\u00f6rden auf, Saman Naseem nicht hinzurichten. Salil Shetty, internationaler Generalsekret\u00e4r von Amnesty International, richtete in einer Videobotschaft den Appell an die iranischen Beh\u00f6rden, Saman Naseem am Leben zu lassen.

Fortdauernder Druck auf iranische Beh\u00f6rden

Einen Tag vor dem angesetzten Hinrichtungstermin brachten die Beh\u00f6rden Saman Naseem an einen unbekannten Ort. F\u00fcnf Monate lang liessen die Beh\u00f6rden nichts \u00fcber seinen Verbleib und sein Wohlergehen verlauten. Viele Menschen bef\u00fcrchteten, dass er heimlich hingerichtet worden sein k\u00f6nnte. W\u00e4hrend dieser Zeit hielt Amnesty International den Druck aufrecht und forderte die iranischen Beh\u00f6rden immer wieder auf, das Schicksal und den Verbleib von Saman Naseem bekanntzugeben.\u00a0
Nach fast f\u00fcnf Monaten best\u00e4tigten die Beh\u00f6rden schliesslich, dass Saman Naseem am Leben war. Sein Anwalt wurde informiert, dass die Oberste Justizautorit\u00e4t die Hinrichtung gestoppt hatte. Zudem hatte der Oberste Gerichtshof das Todesurteil aufgehoben und den Fall zur Aufnahme eines neuen Verfahrens zur\u00fcck an ein Gericht erster Instanz verwiesen.\u00a0

Ermutigt durch diese Entwicklung verst\u00e4rkte Amnesty International die Bem\u00fchungen, um im Wiederaufnahmeverfahren auf die strikte Beachtung internationaler Menschenrechtsnormen und Menschenrechtsstandards f\u00fcr das Jugendstrafrecht, wie etwa den Ausschluss der Todesstrafe, zu bestehen und darauf zu dr\u00e4ngen, dass unter Folter oder anderer Misshandlung erpresste \u00abGest\u00e4ndnisse\u00bb vor Gericht nicht als Schuldbekenntnis verwendet werden d\u00fcrfen.

Hunderttausende Menschen weltweit aktiv

Die Aktionen erreichten ihren H\u00f6hepunkt, als Saman Naseem Teil des Briefmarathons 2015 wurde. Mindestens 213.266 Menschen setzten sich im Rahmen dieser weltweiten Aktion 2015 f\u00fcr ihn ein. Tausende Aktivistinnen und Aktivisten schickten Solidarit\u00e4tsnachrichten an Saman Naseem und seine Familie. Sie dr\u00fcckten ihre Hoffnung auf ein faires neues Verfahren aus und versicherten ihm, dass er nicht allein sei. Aktivistinnen und Aktivisten aus mindestens 26 Amnesty-Sektionen und -Strukturen setzten sich w\u00e4hrend des Briefmarathons f\u00fcr Saman Naseem ein. Menschen aus Europa, Togo, Burkina Faso, Nauru, den Seychellen, der Mongolei, Paraguay, Hongkong, Neuseeland, Tunesien, Venezuela und Nepal forderten, dass er nicht hingerichtet wird.

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