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Die drei Aktivistinnen Ela, Anna und Joanna setzen sich seit Jahren f\u00fcr die Rechte von Lesben, Schwulen, Bisexuellen, trans- und intergeschlechtlichen (LGBTI*) Personen ein. Das wird in Polen von den Beh\u00f6rden jedoch nicht gern gesehen. Weil die drei Frauen Poster mit dem Motiv der Jungfrau Maria mit einem Heiligenschein in Regenbogenfarben plakatiert haben sollen, wurden sie Ende April 2019 wegen \u00abVerletzung religi\u00f6ser Gef\u00fchle\u00bb angeklagt. Das kann nach Paragraf 196 des polnischen Strafgesetzbuches mit bis zu zwei Jahren Haft geahndet werden.

Im Januar 2021 begannen die Gerichtsanh\u00f6rungen der drei Menschenrechtsverteidigerinnen. Am 2. M\u00e4rz 2021 folgte dann die grosse Erleichterung: Sie wurden freigesprochen. Doch die Freude w\u00e4hrte nicht lange. Kaum zwei Monate sp\u00e4ter legte die Staatsanwaltschaft Rechtsmittel gegen den Freispruch ein, und der Fall wurde in zweiter Instanz verhandelt. Ela, Anna und Joanna wurden also weiterhin strafrechtlich verfolgt und waren von einer Haftstrafe bedroht, obwohl sie nichts weiter getan hatten, als sich friedlich gegen Diskriminierung einzusetzen.

Am 12. Januar 2022 entschied das Gericht schliesslich, die Berufung der Staatsanwaltschaft gegen den Freispruch abzulehnen. Catrinel Motoc, Senior Campaignerin im Europa-Regionalb\u00fcro von Amnesty International, kommentiert die Entscheidung wie folgt: \u00abDie heutige Entscheidung ist eine grosse Erleichterung, kann aber nicht dar\u00fcber hinwegt\u00e4uschen, dass diese drei Frauen \u00fcberhaupt nicht vor Gericht h\u00e4tten gestellt werden d\u00fcrfen. Das Verteilen von Postern der Jungfrau Maria mit einem Regenbogen-Heiligenschein sollte niemals kriminalisiert werden, daher ist es richtig, dass die Berufung gegen ihren Freispruch abgelehnt wurde.\u00bb

Seit Beginn des Verfahrens haben sich mehr als eine Viertelmillion Menschen daf\u00fcr ausgesprochen, dass die Beh\u00f6rden die Anklage fallen lassen, in einem Fall, der zum Symbol f\u00fcr einige der beunruhigendsten Anti-Menschenrechtstrends in Polen geworden ist.Catrinel Motoc, Senior Campaignerin im Europa-Regionalb\u00fcro von Amnesty International

\u00abNicht nur schrumpft der Raum f\u00fcr freie Meinungs\u00e4usserung, Aktivismus und friedlichen Protest, sondern das Klima der Homophobie im Land nimmt angesichts einer Zunahme von Hassverbrechen, der Einf\u00fchrung von LGBTI*-freien Zonen durch lokale R\u00e4te und Versuche, Pride-M\u00e4rsche zu verbieten, immer mehr zu,\u00bb sagt Catrinel Motoc und sagt weiter:

\u00abDieser Fall hat auch einen unerfreulichen Trend der staatlich gef\u00f6rderten Homophobie und systematischen Einsch\u00fcchterung enth\u00fcllt, in der das polnische Strafjustizsystem verwendet wird, um Menschenrechtsverteidiger*innen allein wegen ihres Aktivismus anzugreifen, einzusch\u00fcchtern und zu schikanieren. Die polnischen Beh\u00f6rden m\u00fcssen ihre Hexenjagd gegen diese und andere Aktivist*innen endlich beenden.\u00bb

\u00a0

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Polen: Freispruch für LGBTI*-Aktivistinnen

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