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Die ehemalige stellvertretende Direktorin der UN-Frauen, Lakshmi Puri, hatte die Istanbul-Konvention einst als \u00abGoldstandard\u00bb f\u00fcr den Frauenrechtsschutz bezeichnet. \u00a0Der t\u00fcrkische Pr\u00e4sident Erdo\u011fan sieht in ihr stattdessen einen Verstoss gegen \u00abtraditionelle Werte\u00bb und den Versuch \u00abHomosexualit\u00e4t zu normalisieren\u00bb.

Das \u00ab\u00dcbereinkommen des Europarats zur Verh\u00fctung und Bek\u00e4mpfung von Gewalt gegen Frauen und h\u00e4uslicher Gewalt\u00bb, kurz Istanbul-Konvention, hat vor allem ein Ziel: Konsequent gegen Gewalt an Frauen und M\u00e4dchen vorzugehen.\u00a0

Die Konvention wurde am\u00a011. Mai 2011 zur Unterzeichnung aufgelegt, 2014 trat sie in Kraft. Sie ist auf europ\u00e4ischer Ebene das erste juristisch bindende Instrument zum Schutz von Frauen und M\u00e4dchen gegen jede Form der Gewalt. Wegweisend ist sie unter anderem, weil sie Femizide, sexualisierte und h\u00e4usliche Gewalt gegen Frauen als strukturelles, gesellschaftliches Problem betrachtet.

Die T\u00fcrkei geh\u00f6rte mit \u00d6sterreich, Finnland, Frankreich, Deutschland, Griechenland und anderen Staaten zu den ersten, die den Vertrag 2011 unterzeichneten. Insgesamt 34 Staaten haben ihn inzwischen ratifiziert, so dass dessen Bestimmungen in nationale Gesetze und Strategien zum Schutz von Frauen umgesetzt werden k\u00f6nnen.

Dazu geh\u00f6ren beispielsweise bessere Beratungs- und Hilfsangebote, Schulungen und Weiterbildungen f\u00fcr Fachkr\u00e4fte in sozialen Einrichtungen, f\u00fcr Richter*innen und Staatsanw\u00e4lt*innen sowie die Anpassung von Gesetzen und Definition, um zum Beispiel F\u00e4lle von sexueller Bel\u00e4stigung oder Stalking besser zu erfassen.

Dass die T\u00fcrkei das Abkommen nun wieder verl\u00e4sst, hat drastische Konsequenzen f\u00fcr den Schutz von Frauen und M\u00e4dchen im Land. Zahlreiche Frauenrechtsorganisation in der T\u00fcrkei machen gegen den Austritt mobil.

\u00abIn der T\u00fcrkei gab es bereits einen Anstieg der F\u00e4lle von h\u00e4uslicher Gewalt. In einer Zeit, in der Frauen am dringendsten Schutz brauchten, unternimmt die Regierung genau das Gegenteil.\u00bb Elif\u00a0\u015eafak, Schriftstellerin

Zunahme der Femizide

Die t\u00fcrkische Schriftstellerin Elif \u015eafak sprach im April in\u00a0einem Interview des TIME-Magazin\u00a0von einem grossen R\u00fcckschlag f\u00fcr die Frauenrechte im Land: \u00abEs bricht mir das Herz, weil es in einem Moment passiert, in dem die Femizide zunehmen. In der T\u00fcrkei gab es bereits einen Anstieg der F\u00e4lle von h\u00e4uslicher Gewalt. In einer Zeit, in der Frauen am dringendsten Schutz brauchten, unternimmt die Regierung genau das Gegenteil.\u00bb\u00a0

Nach Angaben des t\u00fcrkischen Innenministeriums wurden 2020 insgesamt 266 Frauen durch geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt get\u00f6tet. Frauenorganisationen gehen jedoch von weitaus h\u00f6heren Zahlen aus.

Auch in anderen Staaten in Gefahr

Abwehrreflexe gegen\u00fcber der Konvention, welche angebliche \u00abGender-Ideologie\u00bb verbreite, zeigt nicht nur die t\u00fcrkische Regierung. Auch in anderen europ\u00e4ischen Staaten wie in Polen, Ungarn oder der Ukraine deuten Regierungen die Konvention als Angriff auf das \u00abtraditionelle Familienbild\u00bb um. Oftmals bem\u00fchen sie dabei LGBTI*-feindliche Argumente, um einen Austritt aus der Konvention zu rechtfertigen.\u00a0

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Austritt aus der Istanbul-Konvention gefährdet Frauen und Mädchen

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