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Zum ersten Mal ging es den JournalistInnen der internationalen Medien in der T\u00fcrkei wie ihren KollegInnen vor Ort: Mindestens 10 ausl\u00e4ndische Medienschaffende wurden im Gezi-Park angegriffen und durch Tr\u00e4nengas, Gummischrotgeschosse, Kn\u00fcppel und Wasserwerfer verwundet. Bei der Berichterstattung \u00fcber die Proteste wurden in 4 Monaten 153 t\u00fcrkische und ausl\u00e4ndische JournalistInnen Ziel von Gewaltattacken, 39 MedienvertreterInnen wurden festgenommen.

Scharfe Gesetze

Mit der Versch\u00e4rfung der Gesetze f\u00fcr die t\u00fcrkische Telekommunikationsbeh\u00f6rde (TIB), den Nachrichtendienst (MIT) und die Innere Sicherheit sowie dem Ausbau der Macht der Friedensrichter sind die Dienststellen des t\u00fcrkischen Premierministers und der Minister nun befugt, die Zensur von Internet- und audiovisuellen Beitr\u00e4gen anzuordnen. Die Verbreitung von Informationen \u00fcber die Nachrichtendienste kann mit bis zu 10 Jahren Gef\u00e4ngnis bestraft werden.

Schon in den Jahren zwischen 2010 und 2014 waren den Medien 149 allgemeine Verbote auferlegt worden. Dies hatte dazu gef\u00fchrt, dass die Massenmedien von den wichtigsten Debatten ausgeschlossen wurden, etwa \u00fcber die Waffenlieferungen nach Syrien, die Korruption in der Politik, eine Explosion in der Mine von Soma oder das Bombardement von kurdischen Zivilpersonen durch t\u00fcrkische Kampfflugzeuge in Roboski. Die Kontrollfunktion der Medien ist damit betr\u00e4chtlich eingeschr\u00e4nkt worden, und das in einer Zeit, in der Diskussion und Transparenz n\u00f6tiger sind denn je.

Kaum Aussicht auf Frieden

Die Situation k\u00f6nnte sich noch verschlimmern, insbesondere durch den ins Stocken geratenen Friedensprozess mit der Kurdischen Arbeiterpartei (PKK) und das Wiederaufflammen der seit \u00fcber dreissig Jahren andauernden Krise im S\u00fcdosten der T\u00fcrkei. Pro-kurdische Medien werden oft gerichtlich verfolgt. Im September 2015 wurde die einzige ausl\u00e4ndische Journalistin in Diyarbakir, Frederike Geerdink, in die Niederlande ausgewiesen.

Die aktuelle Unterdr\u00fcckung der Medien dient der Schw\u00e4chung aller Formen des Protests, seien diese s\u00e4kular, kurdisch, islamisch oder sozialistisch. Kritik an Pr\u00e4sident Recep Tayyip Erdogan ist riskant: Zwanzig JournalistInnen, die es gewagt hatten, Erdogan wegen seiner zweifelhaften Verbindungen mit der Finanzwelt und seiner Regionalpolitik zu kritisieren, wurden 2015 wegen \u00abPr\u00e4sidentenbeleidigung\u00bb verurteilt. Der Wahlsieg von Erdogans Partei AKP im vergangenen November macht die Luft f\u00fcr den Journalismus noch d\u00fcnner. Zu sp\u00fcren bekam das beispielsweise Can D\u00fcndar, Chefredaktor der Tageszeitung \u00abCumhuriyet\u00bb, der seit November im Gef\u00e4ngnis sitzt. Er hatte einen kritischen Artikel \u00fcber Waffenlieferungen nach Syrien publiziert. Dem renommierten Journalisten droht lebensl\u00e4ngliche Haft.

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