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Schutz von Gesundheit und Leben

Die Krankheit Covid-19 t\u00f6tet Hunderttausende und beeintr\u00e4chtigt die Gesundheit von Millionen. Die Gesundheitssysteme selbst reicher L\u00e4nder, die durch rigorose Sparmassnahmen in den letzten Jahren abgebaut wurden, kamen teilweise ans Limit, was zu zus\u00e4tzlichem, vermeidbarem Leiden f\u00fchrte. In vielen Fl\u00fcchtlingslagern werden Gefl\u00fcchtete im Stich gelassen: Statt dass sie Hilfe erhalten h\u00e4tten, wurden lebensnotwendige Lieferungen von Nahrungsmitteln blockiert, Menschen willk\u00fcrlich eingesperrt und sogar zur\u00fcckgeschickt. Auch in Europa wurde Covid-19 zu einer massiven Bedrohung f\u00fcr die Gefl\u00fcchteten. Die Regierungen haben ihre moralische, rechtliche und politische Verantwortung f\u00fcr diese Menschen bisher nicht wahrgenommen. Ebenfalls sehr gef\u00e4hrdet sind Inhaftierte, die in oft vollgestopften Gef\u00e4ngnissen h\u00f6chstens unzureichenden Schutz vor einer Ansteckung erhalten. Zu den verletzlichen Personen geh\u00f6ren auch Arme und Obdachlose. Auch sie werden jedoch oft im Stich gelassen, wie unsere Reportagen aus Indien oder S\u00fcdafrika zeigen.

Recht auf Arbeit und soziale Sicherheit

Weltweit werden Arbeitnehmende aufgrund der Pandemie entlassen und geraten in Armut. In den USA verlieren dadurch Millionen ihren Versicherungsschutz, Menschen ohne Aufenthaltsbewilligung sind erst recht vom staatlichen Gesundheitssystem ausgeschlossen. Auch in der Schweiz verlieren Tausende Sans-Papiers ihr Einkommen \u2013 sie k\u00f6nnen keine Sozialhilfe beantragen.

Recht auf freie Meinungs\u00e4usserung, Medien- und Versammlungsfreiheit

In China wurde am Anfang der Corona-Krise jegliche Information \u00fcber das Virus unterdr\u00fcckt. Doch auch in vielen anderen L\u00e4ndern werden die Meinungs\u00e4usserung und die Medienfreiheit eingeschr\u00e4nkt, weil man das Ausmass der Krise verbergen will. Gem\u00e4ss Reporter ohne Grenzen haben 38 Staaten die Pressefreiheit infolge der Krise eingeschr\u00e4nkt. Auch in der Schweiz ist die Meinungs\u00e4usserung tangiert: Versammlungsverbote beschr\u00e4nken die M\u00f6glichkeit, sich politisch zu \u00e4ussern, und beschneiden das Demonstrationsrecht.

Recht auf Information

Die Regierungen m\u00fcssen sicherstellen, dass die Bev\u00f6lkerung \u00fcber die Gesundheitsbedrohung und \u00fcber Massnahmen zur Risikominderung informiert ist. Diese zentrale Voraussetzung des Rechts auf Gesundheit wird von gewissen Regierungen ignoriert. So haben die Beh\u00f6rden der indischen Region Jammu und Kaschmir den Zugang zum Internet weiter eingeschr\u00e4nkt.

Recht auf Privatsph\u00e4re

Die Nutzung von Smartphone- Daten, um die Bewegungen von Infizierten nachverfolgen zu k\u00f6nnen, wurde bereits in einigen L\u00e4ndern eingef\u00fchrt. Ohne ausreichenden Datenschutz werden damit die Privatsph\u00e4re und die Pers\u00f6nlichkeitsrechte verletzt. So versendeten die Beh\u00f6rden in S\u00fcdkorea Textnachrichten mit detaillierten Informationen \u00fcber infizierte Personen, die danach stigmatisiert wurden. Ausserdem k\u00f6nnen diese Technologien gegen kritische Stimmen oder die politische Opposition genutzt werden. Es wird zudem bef\u00fcrchtet, dass solche \u00dcberwachungsmassnahmen nicht mehr r\u00fcckg\u00e4ngig gemacht werden.

Schutz vor Diskriminierung

Es ist weltweit zu Diskriminierungen und Fremdenfeindlichkeit gegen\u00fcber Chinesinnen und Chinesen gekommen; asiatisch aussehende Menschen wurden auch hierzulande als \u00abViren-Verbreiter\u00bb beschimpft und sogar angegriffen. In China wiederum wurden AfrikanerInnen diskriminiert, weil sie verd\u00e4chtigt wurden, das Virus weiterzuverbreiten.

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Das Virus und die Menschenrechte

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