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August 1945 wurde Hiroshima durch eine Atombombe dem Erdboden gleichgemacht. 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Auch nicht bei ihrer T\u00e4tigkeit im Ausland. Wenn sie es doch tun, muss es Konsequenzen haben. Das klingt logisch, oder? Trotzdem ist seit Jahren ein Seilziehen um die Konzernverantwortungsinitiative im Gang. Im November stimmen wir endlich dar\u00fcber ab. In diesem Dossier zeigen wir nochmals auf, worum es geht.", "effective": "2020-07-20T17:28:00+00:00", "end": null, "getObjSize": null, "head_title": null, "image_field": null, "image_scales": {}, "mime_type": null, "nav_title": null, "review_state": "website_workflow--STATUS--veroffentlicht", "start": null, "title": "Konzerne m\u00fcssen Verantwortung \u00fcbernehmen", "type_title": "TopicPage" }, "pills": [], "previous_item": {}, "review_state": "website_workflow--STATUS--veroffentlicht", "sidebar_date": null, "sidebar_item_1": null, "sidebar_item_2": null, "sidebar_label": null, "sidebar_link": "", "sidebar_text": "Von Alain Bovard. Erschienen in \u00abAMNESTY \u2013 Magazin der Menschenrechte\u00bb von August 2020.", "slblocks": { "47db0fd5e92047f793bf76a57b93d66a": { "@components": { "actions": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@actions" }, "aliases": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@aliases" }, "breadcrumbs": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@breadcrumbs" }, "contextnavigation": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@contextnavigation" }, "footer": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/@footer", "data": { "msg": "Not extandable for caching reasons, please call @id in a separate request." } }, "linklist": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/@linklist", "data": { "msg": "Not extandable for caching reasons, please call @id in a separate request." } }, "navigation": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@navigation" }, "navroot": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@navroot" }, "types": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@types" }, "workflow": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details/@workflow" } }, "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe/details", "@type": "TitleTextBlock", "UID": "47db0fd5e92047f793bf76a57b93d66a", "allow_discussion": false, "created": "2025-10-19T19:57:40+00:00", "cta_href": "", "cta_label": null, "cta_new_window": false, "cta_type": "", "id": "details", "is_folderish": true, "items": [], "items_total": 0, "layout": "view", "lock": {}, "modified": "2025-10-19T19:57:40+00:00", "next_item": {}, "parent": { "@id": "https://amnesty-api.webcloud7.ch/de/magazin-amnesty/2020-3/die-geschichte-der-bombe", "@type": "ArticlePage", "description": "Am 6. August 1945 wurde Hiroshima durch eine Atombombe dem Erdboden gleichgemacht. Der belgische Graphic-Novel-Autor Didier Alcante erz\u00e4hlt von der Entstehung eines Bandes \u00fcber die Massenvernichtungswaffe.", "effective": "2020-08-02T15:14:00+00:00", "end": null, "getObjSize": null, "head_title": null, "image_field": null, "image_scales": {}, "mime_type": null, "nav_title": null, "review_state": "website_workflow--STATUS--veroffentlicht", "start": null, "title": "Die Geschichte der Bombe", "type_title": "ArticlePage" }, "previous_item": {}, "review_state": null, "text": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "

AMNESTY: Warum \u00fcberhaupt eine Graphic Novel zur Atombombe?

Didier Alcante: Das geht zur\u00fcck auf eine Reise nach Japan, die ich in den 70er-Jahren als Kind mit meinen Eltern machen durfte. Wir besuchten das Denkmal in Hiroshima, und ich war gleichermassen entsetzt wie fasziniert. Seither habe ich alles zu diesem Thema gesammelt. Dieses Ereignis verdient es, in einer Graphic Novel erz\u00e4hlt zu werden. Ich holte mir die Unterst\u00fctzung von Laurent Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Boll\u00e9e, einem befreundeten Autor, und vom kanadischen Zeichner Denis Rodier.

Die Graphic Novel erz\u00e4hlt viele Details. War es schwierig, die Fakten zu beschaffen?
\u00a0

Nein, die Informationen waren alle freigegeben. Wir konnten uns auf eine beeindruckende Menge an Literatur st\u00fctzen, die voll von Zitaten ist und offizielle Dokumente wiedergibt.

Sie haben sich f\u00fcr den Physiker und Molekularbiologen Leo Szilard als Hauptfigur entschieden \u2013 jemanden, der der breiten \u00d6ffentlichkeit unbekannt ist. Warum?

Szilard ist eine faszinierende Pers\u00f6nlichkeit, die sich uns schnell aufgedr\u00e4ngt hat, weil er in der ganzen Geschichte immer wieder vorkommt. Und er war der erste Wissenschaftler, der in den 1930er- Jahren begriff, dass die Kernspaltung schliesslich zu Bomben f\u00fchren w\u00fcrde. Er ist derjenige, der den Start des amerikanischen Bombenprogramms ausgel\u00f6st hat. Paradoxerweise war er ein Pazifist, der die Bombe nur als Abschreckungsmittel sah, das niemals gegen den Menschen eingesetzt werden sollte.

Die Forscher gingen damals manchmal wahnwitzige Risiken ein.

1942 testeten sie eine erste Kettenreaktion im Zentrum von Chicago, ohne ganz sicher zu sein, sie kontrollieren zu k\u00f6nnen, und ohne Strahlenschutz. Der ersten Explosion in Los Alamos wohnten sie nur in weissen Kitteln und mit Sonnenbrillen bei. Das Rennen um die Atombombe verlief unter enormem Zeitdruck, weshalb die Sicherheit zur\u00fcckstand. Die Strahlenrisiken wurden v\u00f6llig untersch\u00e4tzt.

Was halten Sie von dem Argument, dass die Atombombe einen Krieg beendete, der ansonsten noch viele Jahre gedauert und noch mehr Opfer gefordert h\u00e4tte?

Interne US-Milit\u00e4rberichte sch\u00e4tzen, dass bei einer Landung in Japan zwischen 20 000 und 50 000 Amerikaner ums Leben gekommen w\u00e4ren. Das ist weit weg von der in der Propaganda vorgebrachten Zahl einer Million zus\u00e4tzlicher Toter. Auch w\u00e4re eine Landung wohl gar nicht n\u00f6tig gewesen: Eine Blockade h\u00e4tte dazu gef\u00fchrt, dass Japan kapituliert.

Die Atombombe wurde seit 1945 nicht mehr milit\u00e4risch eingesetzt.

Die Idee eines Einsatzes der Atombombe kam im Vietnamkrieg wieder auf. Die US-Regierung gab sie schliesslich gl\u00fccklicherweise auf, vor allem aus Image-Gr\u00fcnden und um den amerikanischen Einfluss in Asien nicht zu verlieren. Die Bombe bleibt eine extreme Bedrohung. Es ist eine erschreckende Vorstellung, dass sie eines Tages in die H\u00e4nde eines skrupellosen Diktators fallen k\u00f6nnte. Wie schon Szilard es seinerzeit bef\u00fcrwortete: Internationale Kontrolle ist unverzichtbar und die einzig vern\u00fcnftige L\u00f6sung.

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AMNESTY: Warum \u00fcberhaupt eine Graphic Novel zur Atombombe?

Die Graphic Novel erz\u00e4hlt viele Details. War es schwierig, die Fakten zu beschaffen?\u00a0

Sie haben sich f\u00fcr den Physiker und Molekularbiologen Leo Szilard als Hauptfigur entschieden \u2013 jemanden, der der breiten \u00d6ffentlichkeit unbekannt ist. Warum?

Die Forscher gingen damals manchmal wahnwitzige Risiken ein.

Was halten Sie von dem Argument, dass die Atombombe einen Krieg beendete, der ansonsten noch viele Jahre gedauert und noch mehr Opfer gefordert h\u00e4tte?

Die Atombombe wurde seit 1945 nicht mehr milit\u00e4risch eingesetzt.

Die Graphic Novel erz\u00e4hlt viele Details. War es schwierig, die Fakten zu beschaffen?
\u00a0

Sprunglinks

Die Geschichte der Bombe

Details